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2020 Month : January Volume : 9 Issue : 1 Page : 5-9

Comparative Evaluation of Widal Slide Agglutination Test and Widal Tube Agglutination Test in Diagnosing Enteric Fever among Patients Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital in Western Odisha.

Shuvankar Mukherjee1, Anshuman Dash2, Shreekant Tiwari3

Corresponding Author:
Shuvankar Mukherjee,
Staff Quarter, Room No. 28,
Hitech Medical College,
Rourkela-769004, Odisha, India.
E-mail: shrnu963@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND

Enteric fever is a feco-orally transmitted disease with significant morbidity and mortality in India. Isolation of responsible bacteria from blood or bone marrow is the gold standard method for Enteric fever but it is seldom used now a days due to long turnaround time and higher cost. In developing country like India, relatively cheaper Widal test is used to diagnose Enteric fever. There are two methods of Widal test- slide agglutination test and tube agglutination test. The present study was done to compare efficacy of the slide agglutination test and tube agglutination in diagnosing enteric fever.

METHODS

An OPD and IPD based cross sectional study was conducted from May 2019 to Oct 2019. A total of 100 patients with clinical suspicion of Enteric fever were included in the study. 15 ml blood was collected. Blood culture of all the samples were also performed by inoculating 10 ml of blood into appropriate blood culture media. Serum was separated from rest of the blood and serum was tested by both slide agglutination test and Widal tube agglutination test.

RESULTS

Among 100 patients, slide agglutination test demonstrated positive result in 40(40%) samples and Widal tube agglutination test demonstrated positive result in 27 (27%) samples only. Among 40 samples positive by slide test 12 samples were negative by blood culture test. The slide test had a sensitivity of 93.33%, specificity of 82.86%, positive predictive value of 70% and negative predictive value of 96.67% and tube test had a sensitivity of 86.67%, specificity of 98.57% positive predictive value of 96.30% and negative predictive value of 94.52% considering blood culture as gold standard.

CONCLUSIONS

Due to higher sensitivity but poor specificity, slide Widal test should be used for rapid screening test and positive samples should be confirmed by Widal tube agglutination test.

KEY WORDS

Enteric Fever, Slide Test, Tube Test, Widal, Sensitivity

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