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2019 Month : June Volume : 8 Issue : 23 Page : 1830-1833STUDY OF PREVALENCE OF NON-ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL.
Ramya Bhat S1, Indumathi Shankaraiah2
Corresponding Author:
Dr. Indumathi,
#S3, A-Block, Teaching Faculty Quarters,
Subbaiah Institute of Medical Sciences,
NH-13, Purlae, H. H. Road,
Shimoga-577222,
Karnataka, India.
E-mail: drindu126@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND
Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) is a distinct clinical entity and is one of the most common causes of chronic liver disease globally. Prevalence is estimated to be around 9-30% in general Indian population, with a higher incidence in obese and diabetic patients.
METHODS
This is a prospective observational study where patients with Type 2 Diabetes were recruited. History was taken and physical examination was performed. Laboratory investigations such as fasting blood glucose, 2-hour post-prandial blood glucose, blood urea, serum creatinine, liver function tests, lipid profile, glycated haemoglobin were done. NAFLD was diagnosed with ultrasonography of the abdomen.
RESULTS
The study group (n=100) was divided into a NAFLD group (n=49) and a non-NAFLD group (n=51). The prevalence of NAFLD was 49%. The NAFLD subgroup had higher prevalence of obesity (measured by BMI), central obesity (measured by waist circumference and waist hip ratio), higher HbA1c, higher triglyceride levels and lower HDL levels. Binary logistic regression analysis showed a significant correlation with glycated Hb (p= 0.001), triglycerides (p= <0. 001), obesity (p= <0.001) and the incidence of NAFLD.
CONCLUSIONS
Incidence of NAFLD is increasing in general population. But patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus have increased risk for development of NAFLD when compared to general population. This risk is further increased in people with obesity especially central obesity, which is a risk factor for insulin resistance. In our study, we found that patients with poor glycaemic control had increased incidence of NAFLD when compared to those with good glycaemic control. Also, dyslipidaemia especially hypertriglyceridemia increased the risk of NAFLD.
KEY WORDS
NAFLD, NASH, Hypertriglyceridemia, Obesity, Ultrasonography